An Explanation of the Truman Doctrine

The Truman Doctrine was a key part of the Cold War, both in how this conflict of posturing and puppets began, and how it developed over the years. The doctrine was policy to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures, and announced on March 12th, 1947 by US President Harry Truman, making the doctrine US government policy for decades. The Start of the Truman Doctrine The doctrine was dreamed up in response to crises in Greece and Turkey, nations which Americans believed were in danger of falling into the Soviet sphere of influence. The US and the USSR had been in alliance during the Second World War, but this was to defeat a common enemy in the Germans and the Japanese. When the war ended and Stalin was left in control of Eastern Europe, which he had conquered and intended to subjugate, the US realized the world was left with two superpowers, and one was as bad as the Nazis they had just defeated and far stronger than before. Fear was mixed with paranoia and a little bit of guilt. A conflict was possible, depending on how both sides reacted... and they produced one. While there was no realistic way to free Eastern Europe from Soviet domination, Truman and the US wanted to stop any further countries falling within their control, and the presidents speech promised monetary aid and military advisors to Greece and Turkey to stop them buckling. However, the doctrine was not just aimed at these two, but expanded worldwide as part of the Cold War to cover assistance to all nations threatened by communism and the Soviet Union, involving the US with western Europe, Korea, and Vietnam among others. A major part of the doctrine was the policy of containment. The Truman Doctrine was developed in 1950 by NSC-68 (National Security Council Report 68) which assumed the Soviet Union was trying to spread its power across the whole world, decided that the US should stop this and advocated a more active, military, policy of containment, fully abandoning previous US doctrines like Isolationism. The resulting military budget rose from $13 billion in 1950 to $60 billion in 1951 as the US prepared for the struggle. Good or Bad? What did this mean, in practice? On the one hand, it meant the US involving themselves in every region of the world, and this has been described as a constant battle to keep freedom and democracy alive and well where they are threatened, just as Truman announced. On the other, it is becoming increasingly impossible to look at the Truman doctrine without noticing the terrible governments who were supported, and the highly questionable actions taken by the free west, in order to support opponents of the Soviets.

My Goals And Steps For Yourself - 903 Words

Having learned that setting goals and steps for yourself is one of the best and most efficient ways to reach your goals. A while ago, I decided to set my own academic, career, and leadership goals. I came up with the best three steps that can be taken to reach those goals. In addition, I analyzed my strengths that can best assess me get those steps done. This helped boost my self-esteem and motivated me to reach my goals, because I proved to myself that I already have the strengths needed to take specific steps that would get me closer to my goals. For my academic goal, I wanted to earn a GPA of 3.80 or higher by the end of the semester. The three steps I took to achieve this goal are important. First, I turned in all of my assignments and studied well for any exams or quizzes. Second, I managed to study for at least 2 hours for almost everyday of the week. This step not only helped me get step 1 done, but it also increased my ability to learn more material. Third, I met with professors about once a week for additional help over course material. Those steps were very successful at helping me reach my academic goal. I was able to stay on track with all of my classes, manage enough studying time to to prepare well for exams and get assignments done on time. Outstandingly, my grades did go up and are still on the increase. After getting great results, I will definitely keep doing the steps I have done over the past few weeks to raise my grades even more. Although all threeShow MoreRelatedThe Best Ways of Marketing Yourself1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe best ways of marketing yourself Every one wants to have a successful job and to be the best in his or her life, so if you want to create your wonderful life, marketing your self is the most important thing to make it real. Marketing yourself is the great way to find success in your life and to get your dream job. 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Mountain Pine Beetle Management Free Essays

Adult Mountain Pine Beetles (MPBs) are known to bore into trees that are suitable for laying eggs in the tree’s bark. Mature lodgepole pines (Pinus contorta Douglas var. latifolia Engelmann) from 80 to 120 years old are only some of the many trees infested and damaged by MPBs. We will write a custom essay sample on Mountain Pine Beetle Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pine beetle problems such as tree infestation and damage occur when MPBs begin to settle in a tree and lay its eggs of 60 to 80. Canadian forests have experienced MPB infestation since previous years, with the area of British Columbia currently suffering from the largest pest outbreak in the history of Canada with over 7 million hectares infested in 2004. The region of Alberta has previously experienced two pest outbreaks: from 1940 to 1943 and from 1977 to 1985. However, there is an imminent threat of another MPB outbreak. Research identifies the threat as caused by the overwhelming abundance of susceptible pine forests located at the eastern slope of the Rockies. The MPB outbreak threat is also believed to expand from the pine forests to the boreal forests east of the Rocky Mountains. For this reason, Alberta is seeking measures to prevent another MPB outbreak from occurring. The primary goal is to reduce the number of susceptible pine trees from the infestation of pine beetles before the MPBs reach the region for the third time. An objective taken in Alberta so far is early identification of susceptible pine trees in order to control and preempt the event where there is already infestation. Some of the areas aimed at preempting an MPB outbreak include the national parks situated between Alberta and British Columbia, as well as public, private and municipal lands in Alberta. One of the measures taken is the removal of the susceptible prime brood producing stands. This step is designed to mitigate the probability of the growth of the MPB population. Once this step is already established, the growth of the MPB population is expected to slow down after which a direct control efforts on the MPB infestation will be applied. Estimates from aerial and ground surveys since August 2006 indicate a total of 2.8 million trees infested by the pine beetle. There are current efforts in Alberta in resolving the probable outbreak such as the efforts taken by the Alberta Sustainable Resource Development which detected and treated over a thousand infested trees, 98% of which were treated in 2002 to 2003. Economic estimates reveal that the impact of an MPB outbreak will greatly affect the wood and furniture industry. Possible solutions roughly include, but is not limited to, MPB mitigation efforts which are strategically planned and well-coordinated among land managers such as Parks Canada, First Nations, Alberta Community Development, the forest industry as well as the municipalities. In the event where there is already a rampant MPB outbreak, a salvage strategy will be applied by recovering dead and dying trees before the fiber is lost in order to obtain the pine trees which may still be of good use. The operation will be spearheaded by the government of Alberta in cooperation with the existing public and private organizations and concerned individuals through coordinated efforts. Constant monitoring and studies taken by the government teams for mitigating the probable and eventual MPB infestation will be applied alongside with the incorporation of efforts from private entities. References Mountain Pine Beetles in Your Backyard? from http://www.srd.gov.ab.ca/forests/health/mpb.html Ono, H. (2003). The Mountain Pine Beetle: Scope of the Problem and Key Issues in Alberta. Paper presented at the Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium: Challenges and Solutions. ; How to cite Mountain Pine Beetle Management, Essay examples

Case Note Mitchell v News Group Newspapers Ltd [2014]

Question: Describe about the Case Note of Mitchell v News Group Newspapers Ltd [2014]? Answer: Case Note: Mitchell v News Group Newspapers Ltd [2014] The issue in the present case arose due to the failure of the claimant to file costs budget at least before seven days of the relevant hearing. In this regard, Master McCloud sanctioned the claimant by requiring the claimant to be treated as having filed a costs budget that comprised only be applicable codes the instead of the actual costs budget that was filed later comprising 506,425. Against this sanction, and the deal was referred by the claimant against dissension, and appeal was preferred by the claimant under Civil Procedure Rule, 3.9 to claim relief against this sanction. But believe was refuse to be granted by Master McCloud on the ground that no adequate excuse was present for this breach. As a result the Claimant preferred an appeal against the original sanction and also against the order refusing to grant the relief. Under these circumstances, it was stated by the Court of Appeal that in this case, that an order of sanction can be made by the Master. Moreover, the court of appeals also stated that in such a case, the relief can be granted only in cases where the noncompliance is (i) of trivial nature (like the case where there is a failure of form instead of the failure of substance or a case where the party has missed the deadline narrowly) or (ii) good reason is present on part of the party for noncompliance (a good reason may arise under the circumsta nces that are beyond the control of the party.) For example, it cannot be considered as a sufficient and good reason if the party has missed a deadline as a result of too much work or due to an administrative error. In this regard, the Court of Appeal stated regarding the decision made by the Master on 18th of June stated that in this case, Master could be guided by Civil Procedure Rule 3.14 because it represented the view adopted by the CPR Committee related with the fact that part can be considered as proportionate sanction for the failure of a party to file the costs budget within the prescribed time. Similarly, the Court of Appeal also stated that the Master was not wrong to construe that CPR 3.14 referred to the failure of the party to file costs budget within the time that has been prescribed by CPR 3.13 13 or seven days. At the same time, the Court of Appeal also stated that the decision cannot be considered as disproportionate and against the overriding objective. It was proved that the hearing of 18th June was abortive because the solicitor of the party failed to produce evidence that could have persuaded the court to adopt such a course. Commentary: Keeping in view the Jackson Reforms, the recent decision delivered by the court of appeal in Mitchell v News Group Newspapers Limited [2013] EWCA Civ 1537, provides guidance related with the circumstances in which relief can be granted from the sanctions that deal with the noncompliance of rules, court orders or practice directions. In the same way, in this case has also resulted in providing a warning to the parties who have reached any order or procedural rules, particularly the parties who have been late in filing their cost budgets. In this way, the decision of the Court of Appeal confirms that from now on, the courts will adopt a more robust approach regarding the conclusions made by Sir Rupert Jackson in which he stated that the courts have become too tall regarding the issues related with delay and noncompliance of the orders. In the same way, this decision has also endorsed the recommendations made by Jackson that emphasis needs to be placed on the need that the litigation sh ould be conducted efficiently and also at a proportionate cost. Similarly the need has also been emphasized that there is a need to enforce compliance by the parties regarding the rules. In this regard it was stated by the Court of Appeal that while it is not necessary that the new approach should be extreme, which means that the relief can be granted by the court in exceptional circumstances only, at the same time, it also requires that the relief should be granted in few cases than earlier. Regarding the decision made on 18th of July, the Court of Appeal stated that the new words used in CPR 3.9 indicate towards a change of emphasis. Now it is required that the litigation should be conducted efficiently as well as proportionately. Similarly it is of utmost significance that the rules, court orders and practice directions to the complied with strictly. In this regard while it is necessary that all circumstances of each individual case should be considered, less weight should be given to them as compared to these two considerations. In this way, the Court of Appeal stated that with this decision, it can be hoped that a clear message will be provided to the parties that they are required to ensure efficiency and also required to ensure that all the rules, court orders and practice directions are strictly complied with. As a result of the severe nature of the sanctions that have been imposed in this case and which are also acknowledged by the court to be somewhat harsh, keeping in view the circumstances of the present case, particularly for what appears to be a relatively minor default, it can be hoped that strict compliance can be ensured with this decision from the parties regarding the applicable rules, court orders and practice directions. It was stated by the Court of Appeal that the Master was right when it was recognized that there has been a change in emphasis under CPR 3.9. Although it is possible that the response could have been different regarding the sanctions that have been imposed on the party, any grant of partial relief from the operation of CPR 3.14 cannot be generally considered to be appropriate. When the provisions of this decision are considered narrowly, it appears that the purpose of this decision is to highlight the importance of cost budgeting. At the same time, this decision also has some wider implications that are related with the relief from sanctions and also the way the litigation is conducted generally. Therefore despite the fact that there is still a chance available to the parties to argue that a particular breach is trivial, and therefore it should not preclude the court from granting relief and it is also available to the parties to claim that are good reason is present for the beach, generally the courts will adopt a more robust approach while granting a relief to such a party. In this way, this decision implies that the interests of the individual litigants will not be preferred as compared to the wider public interest that is present in all litigants to obtain justice efficiently and proportionately. After the decision given by the Court of Appeal, it has become very significant to ensure that the parties complied with CPR guidelines in order to ensure efficient than proportionate justice. In the same way, the solicitors can be held responsible for procedural lapses and errors because they are no longer considered as good reasons. The situation remains the same even if a party has suffered a detriment but the wider public interest to ensure efficient justice is more important than the interest of individual litigants. In this way, it can be said that this particular decision will go a long way in ensuring the compliance of parties regarding the applicable rules, court orders and practice directions. References James Farrell and Maura McIntosh, Mitchell guidance clarified: an end to the roller coaster ride? Thomson Reuters (Professional) UK Limited available at: https://www.google.co.in/search?output=searchsclient=psyabq=Mitchell+v+News+Group+Newspapers+Ltd+%5B2014%5DbtnK Case LawDenton v TH White Ltd, Decadent Vapours Ltd v Bevan, Utilise TDS Ltd v Davies [2014] EWCA Civ 906Hallam Estates Ltd v Baker [2014] EWCA Civ 661Mealey Horgan plc v Horgan and another [1999] All ER (D) 1523Utilise TDS Ltd v Davies and others [2014] EWCA Civ 906)